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Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT)
Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a rare, locally aggressive tumor occurring in or around the joint leading to progressive swelling, stiffness and reduced mobility of the affected joint, significantly impacting daily activities and quality of life.1,2 TGCT mostly affects young adults, especially between the ages of 30 and 50.2 If left untreated or in recurring cases, TGCT may result in irreversible damage to the bone, joint and surrounding tissues.3
There are an estimated 43 cases of TGCT per 1 million people around the globe.4
References:
- Stacchiotti S, Dürr HR, Schaefer IM, et al. Best clinical management of tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT): a consensus paper from the community of experts. Cancer Treat Rev. 2023;112:102491. doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102491
- Stern S, McKenzie PF, Bernthal N, et al. Localized and diffuse tenosynovial giant cell tumor: real-world results from a patient observational registry. Future Oncol. 2025;21(12):1501-1510. doi:10.1080/14796694.2025.2488635
- National Organization for Rare Disorders. "Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment." NORD. https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/tenosynovial-giant-cell-tumor/.
- Mastboom MJL, Verspoor FGM, Verschoor AJ, et al. Higher incidence rates than previously known in tenosynovial giant cell tumors. Acta Orthopaedica. 2017 Dec;88(6):688-694. DOI: 10.1080/17453674.2017.1361126. PMID: 28787222; PMCID: PMC5694816.